Security Council Resolution 2699 (2023) [on Authorization to Member States to Form and Deploy a Multinational Security Support Mission in Haiti (Mss) for an Initial Period of 12 Months]

S/RES/2699 (2023)View PDF

Who adopted this document and its mandates?

A Resolution of the Security Council, under agenda item 138 The question concerning Haiti, published in 2023.

What subjects does this mandate have?

12 subjects

Capacity Building Gangs Haiti Haiti Question Human Rights in Armed Conflicts Illicit Arms Trafficking Internal Security Peacekeeping Operations Police Sanctions Small Arms Trust Funds

What’s in this document?

25 operative paragraphs

Authorizes Member States that have notified the Secretary-General of their participation to form and deploy a Multinational Security Support (MSS) mission with a lead country, in close cooperation and coordination with the Government of Haiti, for an initial period of twelve months following the adoption of this resolution, to be reviewed nine months after the adoption of this resolution, on the understanding that the cost of implementing this temporary operation will be borne by voluntary contributions and support from individual Member States and regional organizations, and in strict compliance with international law, including, international human rights law, as applicable, to support the efforts of the Haitian National Police to re-establish security in Haiti and build security conditions conducive to holding free and fair elections, by:

providing operational support to the Haitian National Police, including building its capacity through the planning and conduct of joint security support operations, as it works to counter gangs and improve security conditions in Haiti, characterized by kidnappings, sexual and gender-based violence, trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants and arms, homicides, extrajudicial killings, and recruitment of children by armed groups and criminal networks; and

providing support, to the Haitian National Police, for the provision of security for critical infrastructure sites and transit locations such as the airport, ports, schools, hospitals and key intersections;

Calls on the MSS, through its support to the Haitian National Police outlined in paragraph 1, to help ensure unhindered and safe access to humanitarian aid for the population receiving assistance;

Decides that the Multinational Security Support mission, as requested by Haiti in its letter dated 22 September 2023, in coordination with the Haitian National Police, may, to prevent the loss of life and within the limits of its capacities and areas of deployment, adopt urgent temporary measures on an exceptional basis, which are limited in scope, time bound, proportionate and consistent with the objectives set forth in paragraph 1 above, to help the Haitian National Police maintain basic law and order and public safety, including through arrest and detention, as necessary and in full compliance with international law, including international human rights law, as applicable; and requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission to update the Security Council any measures that may be adopted on this basis;

Calls on Member States and regional organizations to contribute personnel, equipment, and necessary financial and logistic resources based upon the urgent needs of the Multinational Security Support mission and invites contributing Member States to inform in writing the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission, the Security Council and the Secretary-General of their intent to participate in the mission, and further requests Haiti and the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission to update regularly the Security Council and the Secretary-General of the progress of deployment of relevant personnel and equipment;

Authorizes the Member States participating in the Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti to take all necessary measures to fulfil its mandate, strictly adhering to all international law, including international human rights law, as applicable;

Requests the Multinational Security Support mission to take fully into account child protection and the protection of other vulnerable groups as a cross-cutting issue throughout its mandate in all the planning and conduct of its operations;

Requests Member States participating in the Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti to include dedicated expertise in anti-gang operations, community-oriented policing, children and women’s protection, and preventing and responding to sexual and gender-based violence in a victim-centred manner, and to take necessary action to ensure appropriate conduct and discipline and to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse, including vetting of all personnel and other safe hiring practices, encouraging women’s representation at all levels of the MSS, and predeployment and in-mission awareness training on human rights, child protection, and sexual and gender based violence, and to detect incidents when they occur and ensure a safe survivor- and victim-centred response in cases of such conduct involving their personnel, including through providing safe and accessible complaint mechanisms and timely investigations of all allegations of misconduct, to hold perpetrators accountable, and to repatriate units when there is credible evidence of misconduct, including widespread or systemic sexual exploitation and abuse, by those units;

Requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission, in coordination with the government of Haiti and Member States participating in the MSS, to inform the Council, prior to the mission’s full deployment, on information including but not limited to the concept of operations developed in consultations and cooperation with the government of Haiti and Member States participating in the MSS, sequencing of deployment, mission goals and end state, rules of engagement, as well as indicative financial needs to be funded by voluntary contributions, and number of personnel to be deployed;

Reaffirms that the rules of engagement and any directives on the use of force are to be developed by the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission in consultation with Haiti and other Member States participating in the MSS and should be in full respect of Haiti’s sovereignty and in strict compliance with international law, including, international human rights law, as applicable;

Requests the Member States participating in the Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti to ensure the highest standards of transparency, conduct and discipline for their contingents operating in the framework of the Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti, to establish a robust compliance mechanism to prevent, investigate, address and publicly report violations or abuses of human rights related to the Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti;

Calls on the Multinational Security Support mission to establish an oversight mechanism to prevent human rights violations or abuses, in particular sexual exploitation and abuse as well as to ensure that the planning and conduct of operations during deployment will be in accordance with applicable international law;

Requests Member States participating in the Multinational Security Support mission in Haiti to adopt appropriate wastewater management and other environmental controls to guard against the introduction and spread of water-borne diseases, in accordance with The World Health Organization Water Quality: Guidelines, Standards, and Health publication on Assessment of Risk and Risk Management for Water-related infectious diseases from 2001, and in cooperation with Haitian authorities, which bear shared responsibility for guarding against water-borne disease;

Requests the Multinational Security Support mission to cooperate with BINUH and relevant UN agencies, including but not limited to UNODC and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, to support the efforts of the Haitian National Police to re-establish security in Haiti, including efforts by the Haitian National police to combat illicit trafficking and diversion of arms and related materiel and to enhance management and control of borders and ports;

Decides that paragraph 11 of resolution 2653 (2022) shall be replaced by the following:

“Decides that, for an initial period of one year from the date of adoption of this resolution, all Member States shall take the necessary measures to prevent the direct or indirect supply, sale, or transfer to Haiti, from or through their territories or by their nationals, or using their flag vessels or aircraft of small arms, light weapons, and ammunition, and further decides that this measure shall not apply to:

a. The supply, sale, or transfer of small arms, light weapons, or ammunition to the UN or a UN-authorized mission or to a security unit that operates under the command of the Government of Haiti, intended to be used by or in coordination with those entities and intended solely to further the objectives of peace and stability in Haiti;

b. Other supplies, sales, or transfers of small arms, light weapons, and ammunition to Haiti as approved in advance by the Committee established pursuant to resolution 2653 (2022) to further the objectives of peace and stability in Haiti;”

Calls on all parties in Haiti to cooperate fully with the Multinational Security Support mission in the execution of its mandate and to respect the security and freedom of movement of the Multinational Security Support mission;

Requests the Secretary-General to establish a trust fund as a mechanism that can facilitate voluntary contributions to the Multinational Security Support mission to enable and operationalize the mandate;

Affirms the Secretary-General may provide logistical support packages to the MSS, when requested by the MSS and MSS donors, subject to the full financial reimbursement to the United Nations through available voluntary contributions, and in full respect of the United Nations Human Rights Due Diligence Policy (HRDDP);

Requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission to ensure the highest standards of transparency and conduct, and to report every three months once the MSS is operational on the ground, as a part of regular reporting to the Security Council, through the Secretary-General, on the implementation of the resolution, including but not limited to composition of the mission, measures to ensure appropriate conduct and discipline, and to prevent sexual exploitation and abuse; and on investigations of allegations of misconduct and excessive use of force;

Requests the Secretary-General to provide as part of the Secretary-General’s regular reporting to the Security Council, no later than nine months following adoption of this resolution, recommendations on possible adaptation of the mandate of the Multinational Security Support mission or its transformation as needed;

Requests the leadership of the Multinational Security Support mission to develop a strategy for mission conclusion and withdrawal and include information on that matter in regular reporting to the Security Council;

Emphasizes the need for Member States, United Nations organs, bodies and agencies, and other international organizations, including international financial institutions, to redouble their efforts to promote the institutional, social, and economic development of Haiti, in particular for the long-term, in order to achieve and sustain stability and combat poverty;

Strongly urges the Haitian authorities and other stakeholders to cooperate fully with the good offices of CARICOM and BINUH to reach compromise for the broadest possible consensus as soon as possible;

Decides to remain actively seized of the matter.

Who adopted this document and its mandates?

What subjects does this mandate have?

What’s in this document?

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